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目的了解厦门市公共场所水系统中军团菌的污染状况,为军团菌病的预防和控制提供依据。方法参照《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》,2009年-2015年逐步采集公共场所二次供水系统的水塔水及集中空调系统的冷却水和冷凝水,检测军团菌及其血清型。结果 2009年冷却水、水塔水军团菌的检出率分别为41.5%(17/41)、17.6%(6/34),两者差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.96,P<0.05)。2012年冷却水军团菌检出率为50.0%(11/22)。2014年冷却水、冷凝水军团菌的检出率分别为22.7%(5/22)、13.0%(3/23),差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.21,P>0.05)。2010年、2011年、2013年、2015年均未检出军团菌。分离出的菌株以Lp1型(57.4%)嗜肺军团菌为主,其次为Lp5(17.0%)和Lp7(12.8%)。结论应加强监督监测,定期清洗消毒,降低公共场所水系统滋生军团菌的风险。
Objective To understand the status of Legionella pneumophila in water system of public places in Xiamen City and provide the basis for the prevention and control of Legionnaires’ disease. Methods Reference to “public places centralized air conditioning and ventilation system health norms”, 2009-2015 Gradually collect public places secondary water supply system of water tower and central air conditioning system of cooling water and condensate, detection of Legionella and its serotypes. Results The detection rates of Legionella pneumophila in cooling water and water tower in 2009 were 41.5% (17/41) and 17.6% (6/34), respectively, with statistical significance (χ ~ 2 = 4.96, P <0.05) . The detection rate of Legionella chinensis in 2012 was 50.0% (11/22). The detection rates of Legionella in cooling water and condensate water in 2014 were 22.7% (5/22) and 13.0% (3/23) respectively, with no significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 0.21, P> 0.05). Legionella was not detected in 2010, 2011, 2013 and 2015. The strains isolated were Lp1 (57.4%) Legionella pneumophila, followed by Lp5 (17.0%) and Lp7 (12.8%). Conclusion Supervision and monitoring should be strengthened, and disinfection should be regularly cleaned and disinfected to reduce the risk of breeding Legionella in water systems in public places.