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目的:分析2005～2008年山西省大同市4所监测医院出生缺陷发生率的动态变化趋势并探讨其干预措施。方法:按照《中国妇幼卫生监测工作手册》的出生缺陷监测方案要求,对所有在监测医院分娩的有出生缺陷的围产儿(孕满28周至生后7天)进行诊断、分类和统计分析。结果:近4年大同市出生缺陷发生率呈下降趋势,农村出生缺陷发生率明显高于城市,神经管畸形发生率始终居所有畸形顺位的第1位。结论:大同市出生缺陷发生率,尤其神经管畸形发生率还有很大的下降空间。应加强婚前、孕前健康教育,加大力度推广孕前服用叶酸片,做好孕产妇系统管理,提高产前诊断水平,积极开展一级预防和二级预防的各项措施,以进一步降低出生缺陷发生率。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dynamic change trend of the incidence of birth defects in 4 monitoring hospitals in Datong City, Shanxi Province from 2005 to 2008 and discuss the intervention measures. Methods: According to the birth monitoring program of China Maternal and Child Health Surveillance Workbook, all the children with birth defects (28 weeks pregnant and 7 days after birth) in the monitoring hospital were diagnosed, classified and statistically analyzed. Results: The incidence of birth defects in Datong City in recent 4 years showed a downward trend. The incidence of birth defects in rural areas was significantly higher than that in cities. The incidence of neural tube defects was always the highest among all the abnormalities. Conclusion: The incidence of birth defects in Datong, especially the incidence of neural tube defects there is still much room for decline. Health education should be strengthened premarital, prenatal care, efforts to promote the use of folic acid tablets before pregnancy, good maternal system management, improve the level of prenatal diagnosis, and actively carry out primary prevention and secondary prevention measures to further reduce the occurrence of birth defects rate.