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拥挤现象已成为景区发展的困境,在破坏景区环境质量的同时降低游客游憩体验品质。在对国内外相关文献整理的基础上,将影响拥挤感知的因素划分为情境因素(包括游憩环境特征、景区开发建设和社会情境特征)、个人因素(包括个人社会经济背景、人格特质、游憩动机、游憩期望、游憩偏好、游憩经验、游客使用特征)、他人因素(包括:感知遭遇人数、感知相似性、游客行为)、其他因素(包括调适行为和调查方式)以及密度因素,并结合期望理论、社会干扰理论、刺激超载理论、生态理论和密度强化理论建构拥挤感知影响因素理论模型,在分析模型理论价值和实践价值的基础上为景区管理者和游客提供指导性建议。
Overcrowding has become a dilemma for the development of scenic spots, which will destroy the quality of tourists’ recreational experience while undermining the quality of the scenic spots. On the basis of collation of related literatures both at home and abroad, the factors that affect crowding perception are divided into situational factors (including the characteristics of recreation environment, the development and construction of scenic spots and characteristics of social situations), personal factors (including individual socio-economic background, personality traits, (Including perceived number of people, perceived similarity, visitor behavior), other factors (including adaptation behavior and survey methods) and density factors, combined with the expectation theory , Social interference theory, stimulus overloading theory, ecological theory and density enhancement theory to build a theoretical model of congestion perception factors, and provide guidance for scenic area managers and tourists on the basis of analyzing the theoretical value and practical value of the model.