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采用试验与生产调查相结合的方法,分析倒伏玉米植株性状表现及对产量的影响,研究种植密度、品种选择和氮钾肥对玉米抗倒伏的影响。结果表明,不同品种间抗倒伏能力存在显著差异,株高和穗位高不能作为评价品种抗倒伏能力强弱的主要指标,茎秆基部节间粗和长粗比值小的品种具有较强的抗茎折能力;随着密度的提高,植株的抗倒伏能力下降;氮钾肥配施能有效提高茎秆的抗倒伏能力。玉米吐丝1周后倒伏品种的穗粒数、千粒重、穗粒重分别降低19.4%～30.2%、29.6%～31.8%、45.0%～50.8%。
The effects of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers on the lodging resistance of maize were studied by the combination of experiment and production survey. The effects of planting density, variety selection and maize yield were studied. The results showed that there were significant differences in lodging resistance among different varieties, and the plant height and ear height could not be used as the main indexes to evaluate the lodging resistance of varieties. The varieties with small internode and stem length ratio had stronger resistance Stems fold ability; With the increase of density, plant lodging capacity decreased; nitrogen and potassium fertilizer can effectively improve the stalk lodging capacity. The grains per spike, 1000-grain weight and spike weight of lodging varieties decreased 19.4% -30.2%, 29.6% -31.8% and 45.0% -50.8%, respectively, after lodging for one week.