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本文讨论了直接检测碳氢的地质和物理背景。在地震波场内,对油气聚集的诊断结果进行了分类,对所观测的地震波场给出了油气聚集效应检测和定量估算的结果。这些方法是以提取原始反射波中若干不同的特征为基础的。本文还给出了影响检测可靠性的因素和油气造成的地震异常解释的准确性因素。结果表明,综合应用不同的波型(P波,S波和转换波)以及钻井资料,在预测碳氢聚集的过程中可增加地震异常解释的准确性。
This article discusses the geological and physical background for direct hydrocarbon detection. In the seismic wave field, the diagnosis results of hydrocarbon accumulation are classified, and the results of the detection and the quantitative estimation of the hydrocarbon accumulation effect are given to the observed seismic wave field. These methods are based on extracting several different features from the original reflected wave. This paper also gives the factors that affect the reliability of detection and the accuracy factors of seismic anomalies caused by oil and gas. The results show that the accuracy of seismic anomalies interpretation can be increased in the prediction of hydrocarbon accumulation by comprehensively using different wave patterns (P-wave, S-wave and converted wave) and drilling data.