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我国技术进口支持政策已成体系,可总结出四大隐含的假设条件。上海技术贸易发展较快且位居我国前列,具有典型意义。本文采集了2000~2014年上海技术进口、高技术产业发展、经济发展的面板数据,用Eviews 8.0软件与相关性研究方法,以及非参数的DEA-Malmquist指数测算法、随机前沿分析法与比较分析法,对这些假设进行验证,结果表明:政府鼓励的技术进口对经济社会发展具有促进作用,对高技术产业发展具有正向的影响;技术进口与高技术产业发展互相促进,但人才、创新能力、研发投入、政府资金支持目前作用发挥不充分;上海的技术进口有利于提高上海高技术产业发展的全要素生产率,其核心影响机制是通过技术进步来实现的,而规模效率的提升方面作用不大。为此,本文作者提出优化上海技术进口政策以促进高技术产业发展和科创中心建设的五大政策建议。
China’s technology import support policy has become a system, which can summarize the four implicit assumptions. Shanghai’s technology trade develops rapidly and ranks top in China, which is of typical significance. This paper collects panel data of Shanghai’s technology import, high-tech industry development and economic development from 2000 to 2014, uses Eviews 8.0 software and correlation research methods, and non-parametric DEA-Malmquist index measurement algorithm, stochastic frontier analysis method and comparative analysis. According to the law, these assumptions are verified. The results show that: Technology imports encouraged by the government have a positive effect on economic and social development, and have a positive impact on the development of high-tech industries; technology imports and high-tech industry development promote each other, but talent, innovation ability Investing in R&D, government funding, and the role of government funding are currently inadequate; Shanghai’s technology imports are conducive to increasing the total factor productivity of Shanghai’s high-tech industry development. Its core impact mechanism is achieved through technological progress, and the role of scale efficiency is not Big. To this end, the author of this article proposes five major policy recommendations for optimizing Shanghai’s technology import policy to promote the development of high-tech industries and the establishment of a science and innovation center.