尽管日语中有大量的无主句和略主句出现,但不可否认,主语作为谓语的主体,经常是不可缺少的。主语和宾语一起,作为依赖于谓语而存在的两个不同方面,出现在句子结构中,它们的作用仅次于谓语。所以我们如果把谓语看作是句子的核心成份,那么,也可将主语和宾语看作是句子的基本成份。本稿要讨论的是无生物作主语自他动词作谓语时,主谓之间以及它们与有生物“人”之间的相互关系及其对应规律。一般地说,自他动词作谓语的无生物主语句在英语和汉语里都比较普遍,但在日语里就不那么普遍了,尤其是他动词作谓语更不是一般的说法。如; ① Travel broadens the mind. ①’日译:旅行人视野胸拡大 Although there are a large number of main and minor sentences in Japanese, it is undeniable that subject as the subject of predicate is often indispensable. Subjects and objects together, as dependent on the predicate of two different aspects, appear in the sentence structure, their role is second only to the predicate. Therefore, if we regard the predicate as the core component of the sentence, then we can regard the subject and the object as the basic components of the sentence. This article discusses the relationship between the subject and the subject as well as the relationship between the subject and the subject and the biological “person” and the corresponding laws when the subject is absent from the subject. Generally speaking, the non-living creature sentences that are his predicates are relatively common in both English and Chinese, but not so common in Japanese. In particular, his verb is the less general term. Such as; ① Travel broadens the mind. ① ’Japanese translation: Travelers vision Chest big