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有些医生将哮喘简单地描写为一种可逆性的气道阻塞,但在很多情况下在很长的时间内它是不可逆的,或者肺功能不能完全恢复至正常值。至今不能给哮喘病下精确的定义,显然是反映了对它的基本的发病机制尚未明确。有些人认为哮喘是由于组织肥大细胞直接或通过迷走神经刺激释放介质引起平滑肌收缩,局部水肿和粘液阻塞的作用未能完全肯定。对哮喘的药理学亦还未能很好地研究,因为大多所用的药物如肾上腺皮质激素对介质释放或支气管激发无影响,以及对其基础药理学尚不了解。
Some doctors simply describe asthma as a reversible airway obstruction, but in many cases it is irreversible for a long period of time, or lung function can not be fully restored to normal. To date, the precise definition of asthma can not be given, clearly reflecting the underlying pathogenesis of it is not yet clear. Some people think that asthma is due to tissue mast cells directly or through the vagus nerve to stimulate the release of medium caused by smooth muscle contraction, local edema and mucus obstruction role not fully affirmed. The pharmacology of asthma has not been well studied, as most of the drugs used, such as adrenocorticotropic hormone, have no effect on either media release or bronchial challenge and their underlying pharmacology is not known.