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目的 确定SD大鼠合适的芥子气染毒剂量 ,以用于进一步的防治药物筛选实验。方法 以SD大鼠为动物模型 ,分别设立正常对照组和芥子气 3、3 5、4mg/kg体重 3个染毒剂量组 ,通过观察 1周内动物腹泻率和死亡率、体重变化、血常规和血生化指标变化以及骨髓涂片看细胞增生程度和细胞学分类等来评价各染毒剂量对机体的毒性作用。结果 各染毒组都无动物死亡 ,但染毒剂量越高 ,腹泻率也越高 ,分别为 0 ,2 0 %和 75 % ,而动物体重变化则跟染毒剂量呈反比。染毒剂量越高 ,血常规各检验指标数值与正常组差别越显著 ,尤其以白细胞总数 (WBC)和淋巴细胞分类 (LYM )下降最为明显。各染毒组与正常组相比 ,血生化各指标均无显著性差异。各染毒组和正常对照组骨髓涂片均显著增生活跃或明显活跃 ,但细胞学分类却存在显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。其中淋巴细胞系比例随着芥子气染毒剂量的增高 ,呈明显下降趋势 ,而红细胞系比例则呈升高趋势 ,粒细胞系变化不明显。结论 4mg/kg体重染毒剂量在不引起动物死亡或较少死亡的基础上 ,既能造成明显的腹泻症状和体重改变 ,而且又有显著的血常规指标和骨髓细胞学分类改变。因此 ,使用该染毒剂量作为SD大鼠芥子气防治药物筛选比较合适。
Objective To determine the appropriate doses of mustard gas in SD rats for further prevention and control drug screening experiments. Methods SD rats were used as animal models to establish normal control group and 3, 5, and 4 mg / kg body weight of 3 mustard dose groups. By observing the diarrhea rate and mortality, body weight changes, blood routine and Blood biochemical indicators and see the bone marrow smear cell proliferation and cytological classification to evaluate the toxicity of the dose of the role of the body. Results There was no animal death in each group. However, the higher the dose, the higher the rates of diarrhea were 0, 20% and 75% respectively, while the change of body weight was inversely proportional to the dose. The higher the dose, the more significant difference between the blood test data and the normal group, especially the WBC and LYM. Compared with the normal group, there was no significant difference in each index of blood biochemistry in each exposure group. The bone marrow smears of all the exposed and normal control groups were significantly increased or significantly active, but the cytological classification was significantly different (P <0 05). The percentage of lymphocyte lines decreased with the increase of dose of mustard gas, while the proportion of erythroid cells increased while the change of granulocyte lines was insignificant. Conclusions The dose of 4mg / kg body weight not only can cause obvious diarrhea symptom and body weight change without causing death or less death, but also has obvious blood routine indexes and changes of myelocytic classification. Therefore, it is appropriate to use this dose as a screening drug for prevention and treatment of SD rat mustard gas.