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基本词汇是相对于某种语言的一般词汇而言的,它是构成语言词汇的核心。基本词汇是由基本词组成的集合,基本词是基本词汇集合的元素。基本词汇使用范围广,出现频率高,构词能力强,因此,基本词汇的研究和规范,对于整个语言词汇的研究和规范至关重要。 现代汉民族共同语是以北京语音为标准音、以北方话为基础方言,以典范的现代白话文著作为语法规范的普通话。普通话基本词汇是在北方话基本词汇的基础上,吸收其它方言的词汇形成的。普通话词汇的规范工作,首先需要对北方话基本词汇进行全面、系统的调查研究,以便提供词汇规范的依据。
Basic vocabulary is relative to the general vocabulary of a language, it is the core of the language vocabulary. The basic vocabulary is a collection of basic words, which are the elements of a basic vocabulary collection. The basic vocabulary is used in a wide range, with high frequency of occurrence and strong ability of word formation. Therefore, the research and specification of basic vocabulary are crucial to the research and specification of the entire language vocabulary. The common language of modern Han nationality is the standard pronunciation of Beijing dialect, the northern dialect as the basic dialect, and the exemplary modern vernacular Chinese as the grammatical standard of Mandarin. The basic vocabulary of Putonghua is formed on the basis of the basic words in the northern dialect, absorbing the words of other dialects. Standardize the work of Mandarin vocabulary, first of all need to conduct a comprehensive and systematic investigation of the basic words in the North dialect, in order to provide vocabulary basis.