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图书分类法向何处去,这是我国图书馆界情报界关心的重要问题。早在六十年代初,我国图书馆专业杂志上就曾开展过一场分类法路向的讨论。近几年我国图书情报刊物又围绕这一问题进行了争论。为了促进讨论的深入,我们翻译了维克里撰写的这本小册子,供同行们参考。维克里是著名的英国伦敦分类研究小组的成员。这个小组从五十年代初就开始研究分类法的基本理论。他们继承并发展了阮冈纳赞的分面分类理论,并动手编制了多部专业分面分类表,以检验他们的理论。1955年他们向英国图书馆协会及联合国教科文组织提出了《需要以分面分类法做为一切情报检索方法的基础》的备忘录。此后维克里又为在布鲁塞尔举行的图书馆和文献工作中心会议撰写了《当前图书分类法的趋势》的报告。这两个文件都明确提出分面分类法是当前的发展方向。1957年在英国道金召开的第一次图书分类法国际讨论会也肯定了英国分类法小组的意见。为了进一步推广分面分类法,维克里1960年受英国分类法研究小组的委托,执笔编写了本书。这本书是英国分类法研究小组编制专业分类法的经验总结,也是一本了解分面分类法编制技术的实用指南。该书内容简明扼要,论述精当,对枝术方法的介绍尤为详尽,加之实例翔实,便于实际工作者参考。早在1964年,即该书出版不久,刘国钧先生在《现代西方主要图书馆评述》书中就介绍过这部小册子,并给予了较高的评价。屈指算来,这本小册子现已问世20多年了。尽管如此,它在今天仍不失其参考借鉴作用。因为在我国,对分类法的研究长期囿于传统的列举式分类法,对分而分类法的研究起步较晚,论文寥若晨星,自编的专业分面分类法更是凤毛麟角。我国已经决定采用《中图法》做为统一的图书分类法。但是,这并不排斥我们开展分面分类理论的研究以及为一些专业图书馆编制专业分面分类法。从某种意义上讲,运也是一种“百花齐放,百家争鸣”,对于推动我国分类法理论和技术的研究,对于完善《中图法》也都大有裨盖。因此,我们不揣学识浅陋,向我国同行介绍这一重要著作。译文难免有不当之处,敬请批评指正。
Where is the taxonomy of books? This is an important issue that the intelligence community in the library industry is concerned about. As early as the early 1960s, there was a discussion on the taxonomy approach in our country’s library specialization magazine. In recent years, our country’s library and information publication has also debated this issue. In order to facilitate the discussion, we translated this booklet written by Vickery for colleagues’ reference. Vickery is a member of the prestigious London study group in London. This group has been studying the basic theory of taxonomy since the early 1950s. They inherit and develop the theory of facet classification by Ranganathan and work out many specialized faceted classification tables to test their theory. In 1955 they made a memorandum to the British Library Association and to UNESCO “the need to use faceted classification as the basis for all information retrieval methods”. Since then Viktor has also written a report titled “Current Trends in Book Taxonomy” for the Library and Documentation Center Meeting in Brussels. Both documents clearly state that the faceted classification is the current direction of development. The first international symposium on book taxonomy held in Dokin, England in 1957 also affirmed the opinion of the British Taxonomy Group. In order to further promote the faceted classification, Vickery commissioned by the British Taxonomy Research Group in 1960, wrote the book. This book is a summary of the experience of the British Taxonomy Research Group in the development of professional taxonomies. It is also a practical guide to understanding the techniques of preparing faceted taxonomies. The book is concise, elaborate on the details of the method of introduction of the branch is particularly exhaustive, combined with examples of detailed, easy for the actual reference. As early as 1964, shortly after the publication of the book, Mr. Liu Guijun introduced this pamphlet in his book “Review of Modern Western Libraries” and gave him a high opinion. As a matter of fact, this brochure has now come out more than 20 years. In spite of this, it still has its own references for reference today. Because in our country, the study of taxonomy has long been confined to the traditional enumerated taxonomy, the research on taxonomy and taxonomy started later, and the papers are rare and the self-edited professional faceted taxonomy is even rare. My country has decided to adopt the “CLC Law” as a uniform book taxonomy. However, this does not exclude our study of the theory of faceted classification and the preparation of professional faceted taxonomies for some specialized libraries. In a sense, Yun is also a kind of “flourishing flower and a hundred schools of thought contending.” It is also of great help to improve the study of taxonomy theory and technology in China and improve the “Chinese Library Classification Law.” Therefore, we do not pretend to have simple knowledge and introduce this important work to our counterparts. Translation is inevitably inappropriate, please correct me criticism.