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[目的]了解广州市萝岗区九龙镇九佛片区居民的高血压病的流行现状,为开展高血压人群防治提供科学依据。[方法]采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,对九佛地区l5岁及以上的居民进行问卷调查及体格检查。[结果]共完成问卷调查和血压测量2980人,粗患病率为20.5%,标化率为17.6%,其中男性粗患病率为22.6%,女性为18.5%,男性高于女性(χ2=7.51,P=0.006)。高血压患病率随年龄增长而上升(χ2趋势=420.2,P﹤0.001);随着文化程度的增高,高血压患病率降低(χ2趋势=123.1,P﹤0.001)。不同体重指数及腰围的人群高血压患病率不同,BMI≥28.0kg/m2组患病率最高(28.1%),向心性肥胖者高血压患病率大于腰围正常者(P﹤0.001);I、II和III级高血压分别占77.9%、16.5%和5.6%。高血压患者的知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为22.3%、15.4%和3.1%,明显低于广州市水平。[结论]九佛区高血压患病率明显高于2002年广东省水平和2004年广州市水平,故在大力发展农村经济的同时,也应注重居民的高血压防治。
[Objective] To understand the prevalence of hypertension among residents of Jiufeng Area, Jiulong Town, Luogang District, Guangzhou, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. [Methods] A multistage cluster random sampling method was used to conduct questionnaire survey and physical examination on residents of l9 years and over in Jiufo district. [Results] A total of 2,980 people were surveyed and their blood pressure was measured. The crude prevalence was 20.5% and the standardization rate was 17.6%. The crude prevalence of male was 22.6%, that of female was 18.5%, and that of male was higher than that of female (χ2 = 7.51, P = 0.006). The prevalence of hypertension increased with age (χ2 trend = 420.2, P <0.001). With the increase of educational level, the prevalence of hypertension decreased (χ2 trend = 123.1, P <0.001). The prevalence rates of hypertension in different body mass index and waist circumference were different, the highest prevalence rate was 28.1% in BMI≥28.0kg / m2 group, and the prevalence of hypertension in central obesity group was higher than that in normal waistline group (P <0.001). Grade II and III hypertension accounted for 77.9%, 16.5% and 5.6%, respectively. The awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of patients with hypertension were 22.3%, 15.4% and 3.1% respectively, significantly lower than those of Guangzhou. [Conclusion] The prevalence of hypertension in Jiufu District was significantly higher than that of Guangdong Province in 2002 and that of Guangzhou City in 2004. Therefore, while vigorously developing the rural economy, we should also pay attention to the prevention and treatment of hypertension among residents.