目的探讨特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)患者骨髓巨核细胞数与预后的关系。方法回顾性分析新疆医科大学第一附属医院血液科住院的260例ITP患者的预后与初诊时骨髓涂片巨核细胞的数量、原始幼稚巨核细胞百分数的关系。结果初诊时骨髓巨核细胞计数越多,预后越好,初诊时骨髓原始幼稚巨核细胞比例越高,预后越好。结论初诊时骨髓巨核细胞的数量、原始幼稚巨核细胞百分数与ITP预后有密切关系,可作为早期判断ITP预后的指标。 Objective To investigate the relationship between the number of bone marrow megakaryocytes and prognosis in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Methods The prognosis of 260 ITP patients hospitalized in Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University was retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between the prognosis of bone marrow smears of megakaryocytes and the percentage of naive megakaryocytes was analyzed. The results of the first diagnosis of bone marrow megakaryocyte count, the prognosis is better, the initial diagnosis of bone marrow naive megakaryocyte percentage, the better the prognosis. Conclusions The number of bone marrow megakaryocytes and the percentage of immature megakaryocytes in newly diagnosed cases are closely related to the prognosis of ITP, which may be used as an indicator of early prognosis of ITP.