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目的了解徐州市区居民1989-2013年间恶性肿瘤的死亡特征及其变化趋势,为徐州市肿瘤防治研究及效果评价提供科学依据。方法分析1989-2013年徐州市区居民恶性肿瘤死亡率、标化死亡率、构成比、死因顺位等。采用Joinpoint软件估计死亡率的年度变化百分比(AAPC),分析恶性肿瘤死亡率的变化趋势。结果 1989-2013年,徐州市区居民恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为119.56/10万,男性(150.65/10万)明显高于女性(85.32/10万)(χ~2=2 659.86,P<0.01);标化死亡率为88.48/10万,男性(122.51/10万)明显高于女性(57.85/10万)(χ~2=3 394.82,P<0.01)。1989-2013年恶性肿瘤死亡率每年以0.5%速度递增,标化死亡率每年以1.8%速度递减。前五位恶性肿瘤死因依次为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌、结直肠癌,合计占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的73.18%。除乳腺癌、宫颈癌外,主要恶性肿瘤死亡率男性均显著高于女性(P<0.05)。30岁以后,居民恶性肿瘤年龄别死亡率随年龄的增长而升高(χ~2趋势=75 647.53,P<0.01)。结论恶性肿瘤是影响徐州市市区居民健康的首要疾病。人口老龄化是导致恶性肿瘤死亡率升高的主要原因。应加强综合防治,积极开展健康教育,提倡健康的生活方式,降低恶性肿瘤发病和死亡风险。
Objective To understand the characteristics and trends of death of malignant tumors in urban area of Xuzhou from 1989 to 2013 and to provide a scientific basis for the study on the prevention and treatment of cancer in Xuzhou. Methods From 1989 to 2013, the mortality rate of malignant tumor, standardized mortality, constituent ratio and the rank of cause of death in urban residents of Xuzhou City were analyzed. Joinpoint software was used to estimate the annual percentage change in mortality (AAPC), and to analyze the trend of mortality of malignant tumors. Results From 1989 to 2013, the crude mortality rate of malignant tumors in urban area of Xuzhou City was 119.56 / 100000, which was significantly higher in male (150.65 / 100000) than in female (85.32 / 100000) (χ ~ 2 = 2665.86, P <0.01) ; The standardized death rate was 88.48 / 100000, and the male (122.51 / 100,000) was significantly higher than the female (57.85 / 100000) (χ ~ 2 = 3 394.82, P <0.01). The mortality rate of malignant tumors increased from 0.5% to 0.5% annually from 1989 to 2013, and the standardized mortality rate decreased 1.8% annually. The leading causes of the five malignant tumors were lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer, accounting for 73.18% of the total cancer deaths. In addition to breast cancer, cervical cancer, the main cancer mortality were significantly higher in males than females (P <0.05). After age 30, the age-specific mortality rate of residents with malignant tumors increased with age (χ ~ 2 trend = 75 647.53, P <0.01). Conclusion Malignancy is the most important disease affecting the health of urban residents in Xuzhou. Aging population is the leading cause of cancer mortality. Should strengthen the comprehensive prevention and treatment, actively carry out health education, promote a healthy lifestyle, reduce the incidence of cancer and death risk.