论文部分内容阅读
对山东省1952年以来肥料的施用情况和养分平衡状况进行了分析,结果表明:山东省自1952年以来,化学肥料用量逐步增加,有机肥用量逐渐减少;2002年有机肥用量仅占肥料施用总量的35.50%,其中有机氮肥、磷肥和钾肥分别占氮、磷、钾肥用量的26.09%、34.55%和57.60%,而化学肥料用量占肥料施用总量的64.50%,其中无机氮、磷、肥占氮、磷、钾肥的比例分别为73.91%、65.45%和42.68%,化学肥料用量明显高于有机肥;而且全省137个县市之间养分分配极不平衡,单位耕地面积化肥用量相差数千倍。进一步对全省氮、磷、钾投入产出状况进行分析发现,氮素从1982年开始盈余,每年盈余的氮素在30万吨左右;磷素从1972年开始盈余,2002年盈余高达134.64万吨;自1952年以来,钾素一直处于亏缺状态,目前每年亏缺60万吨左右。
The situation of fertilizer application and nutrient balance in Shandong Province since 1952 was analyzed. The results showed that since 1952, the dosage of chemical fertilizers in Shandong Province increased gradually while the dosage of organic fertilizer decreased gradually. In 2002, the amount of organic fertilizer was only accounted for The amount of chemical fertilizers accounted for 64.50% of the total amount of fertilizer application, of which inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accounted for 26.09%, 34.55% and 57.60% of the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium Accounting for 73.91%, 65.45% and 42.68% of the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium respectively. The chemical fertilizer consumption was significantly higher than that of organic manure. Moreover, the distribution of nutrients in 137 counties and cities in the province was extremely unbalanced. The difference of chemical fertilizer use per unit of cultivated land Thousand times. Further analysis of inputs and outputs of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the province found that nitrogen had a surplus since 1982 and annual surplus of nitrogen was about 300,000 tons. Phosphorus began to make a surplus in 1972 and reached a surplus of 1.3464 million in 2002 Ton; since 1952, potassium has been in a deficit state, the current annual shortage of 600,000 tons.