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一、国外研究情况简介船用压缩机绝大部分为水冷,少数为风冷,冷却方式均为外冷式,即是在气缸外面进行冷却,而内冷却却是将冷却介质喷入气缸或进气管,在气缸内进行冷却的。冷却介质可以是水、油或其他。由于水具有较高的汽化潜热r=539kcal/kg,蒸发时要吸收大量的热,这种热量是由压缩介质来供给,所以水能大大降低压缩介质的温度。在进行内冷却时,水吸热蒸发成为水蒸汽,因而内冷却也可称为蒸发冷却,蒸发冷却时除了温度下降外,压缩指数减小,压缩机所需的功率也降低,可达到节能的目的。船用压缩机由于工作环境温度较高(机舱温度可达45℃甚至更高),压缩机容易积碳,使气阀工作不正常,功耗增加。应用内冷
First, the foreign research situation Brief introduction Marine compressors for the vast majority of water-cooled, a few for the air-cooled, cooling methods are external cooling, that is, outside the cylinder cooling, cooling is the cooling medium is injected into the cylinder or intake pipe , In the cylinder for cooling. The cooling medium can be water, oil or others. Since water has a high latent heat of vaporization of r = 539 kcal / kg, a large amount of heat is absorbed when it is evaporated. This heat is supplied by the compression medium, so water can greatly reduce the temperature of the compression medium. During internal cooling, the water absorbs heat and evaporates into water vapor, so the internal cooling can also be called evaporative cooling. In addition to the temperature drop during evaporative cooling, the compressibility index decreases, and the power required by the compressor also decreases to save energy purpose. Marine compressors due to the higher working temperature (cabin temperature up to 45 ℃ or even higher), the compressor easily carbon deposition, the valve does not work properly, power consumption increases. Application of cold