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目的了解上海市中小学生体育锻炼对幸福感的影响,为促进中小学生的身心全面发展提供依据。方法采用随机抽样和整群抽样相结合的方法,自行设计问卷对上海市3 356名中小学生体育锻炼情况和幸福感水平进行调查。结果上海市中小学生课余时间每周参加体育锻炼3次以下者占54.7%,3~4次者占27.5%,5~6次者占10.3%;每周参加体育锻炼的时间极少者占19.9%,≤3 h者占43.5%,3~7 h者占24.9%。中小学生认为自己幸福者占75.4%。多元回归分析显示,不同性别,年级,父母亲学历以及课余每周进行体育锻炼的频度、时间、项目均会影响中小学生的幸福感水平(P值均<0.05)。结论学校应采取有效的措施,鼓励中小学生参与各种形式的体育锻炼;家长、教师应关心孩子的身体发育和心理健康。
Objective To understand the impact of physical exercise on happiness in primary and secondary school students in Shanghai, and to provide basis for promoting the comprehensive development of primary and secondary school students. Methods By random sampling and cluster sampling, a questionnaire was designed to investigate the level of physical exercise and happiness among 3 356 primary and secondary school students in Shanghai. Results After taking part in physical exercise for less than 3 times a week, the primary and secondary school students in Shanghai took up 27.5% of the total number of students participating in physical exercise three times a week, accounting for 10.3% of those taking 5 to 6 times a week. %, ≤3 h accounted for 43.5%, 3 ~ 7 h accounted for 24.9%. Primary and secondary school students think their own happiness accounted for 75.4%. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the frequency, time and project of physical education among different sexes, grades, parents, and weekly after-school physical activities all affect the happiness level of primary and secondary school students (P <0.05). Conclusion Schools should take effective measures to encourage primary and secondary students to participate in various forms of physical exercise. Parents and teachers should be concerned about their physical development and mental health.