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本文根据在三江平原区搞水利建设,特别是沟、渠土方工程施工,受恶劣自然条件的影响,施工难度是比较大的。一是入春后降雨频繁、降雨量大,有效施工期短。二是工程地质条件差。三江平原属于沼泽性平原,土质分布情况是:一般表层为沼泽土;其下为2～17米的粘土层;再下为细、中、粗砂。粘土层中又分布厚度不等的灰黄或灰绿色粉质粘上和粉砂土,以及致密坚硬的高粘土(通称铁盘层)。沟、渠土方工程施工中,最棘手的问题就是沼泽土层和铁盘层的开挖,文内就三江平原水利建设的实践,摸索出了一些行之有效的施工方法。
Based on the construction of water conservancy projects in the Sanjiang Plain, especially the construction of ditches and drains, the construction of the project is affected by the harsh natural conditions and the construction difficulty is relatively large. First, frequent rainfall after the spring, heavy rainfall, effective construction period is short. Second, poor engineering geological conditions. Sanjiang Plain belongs to the swamp plain, soil distribution is: the general surface is swamp soil; the next is 2 to 17 meters of clay layer; and then into fine, medium and coarse sand. In the clay layer there are also greyish-yellow or gray-green silty pasty and silty sands of varying thicknesses, as well as dense, hard, high clays (commonly known as iron plates). The most troublesome problem in the ditch and canal earthwork construction is the excavation of swamp soil layer and iron plate layer. The article explores some effective construction methods in the practice of water conservancy construction in Sanjiang Plain.