郑光祖,字德辉,平阳襄陵(今山西临汾襄汾附近)人,元代著名的戏剧作家。据史书记载,郑光祖在当时名气很大,连闺阁妇女都知道他,勾栏瓦肆的伶工们,都尊称他为郑老先生,于此可见他在观众和演员中的重要影响。由于他的创作别具特色,历来为人们所赞赏,和关汉卿、马致远、白朴等被推崇为“元曲四大家”。郑光祖生活在元代中后期,生卒年不详,钟嗣成《录鬼簿》把他归于“方今已亡名公才人”之列,《录鬼簿》成书于1330年左右,那么他在此以前大概已经去世。他曾经应过考试,做过杭州路吏这样的小官,死后火葬于西湖,可见社会地位不高,加上为人方直,不随便和人打交道,所以当时的权贵“诸公”“多鄙之”,在民族压迫和阶级压迫深重、知识分子地位极其低下的元代,他一生不得重用可以想见,于是以其有用之材,进行戏剧创作,来抒发他对当时社会的不平和愤慨。 Zheng Guangzu, the word Dehui, Pingyang Xiangling (now Shanxi Fenfen near Xiangfen) people, the Yuan Dynasty famous playwright. According to historical records, Zheng Guangzu was famous at that time. Even the women in the boudoir knew him. The linguists in the barracks were honored as Mr. Zheng Lao. Here he can see his important influence among the audience and the actors. Because of his distinctive creation, has always been appreciated by people, and Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan, white Park, etc. are respected as “the four elements.” Zheng Guangzu living in the late Yuan Dynasty, birth and death unknown, Chung Sik-sing “recorded ghost book” attributed him to “now known dead public”, “recorded ghost book” into the book in about 1330, then he is here I had probably died before. He had taken the exams and had done such a small officer as Hangzhou Li-liu. After his death he creamed in the West Lake, showing that his position in the society was not high. He was a straightforward man and did not deal with people casually. Therefore, In the Yuan Dynasty, where ethnic oppression and class oppression were extremely low, his life could not be reused and could be imagined. Therefore, he used his useful material for drama creation to express his indignation at the time in society.