目的探讨精浆超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性对男性生育力的影响。方法采用放射免疫分析法对１０８例男性正常生育者和３５０例男性不育症患者的精浆ＳＯＤ含量进行检测。结果男性不育各组与正常生育组比较，精浆ＳＯＤ含量明显降低（Ｐ＜０００１），并随精子活力及精子计数的下降而逐渐降低，两者呈正相关（Ｐ＜０００１）。结论男性不育症患者精浆抗氧毒性能力下降；精子活力障碍与精浆抗氧毒性能力下降有关。检测精浆ＳＯＤ含量可作为诊断男性不育症的指标之一。 Objective To investigate the effect of the activity of seminal plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) on male fertility. Methods Radioimmunoassay was used to detect the seminal plasma SOD in 108 male normal births and 350 male infertility patients. Results Compared with normal fertility group, SOD in seminal plasma was significantly lower in male infertility group (P <0001), and decreased with the decrease of sperm motility and sperm count (P <0001) . Conclusions Male infertility patients with seminal plasma anti-oxidative toxicity decreased; sperm motility disorders and seminal plasma antioxidant capacity decreased. Detection of seminal plasma SOD content can be used as one of the indicators to diagnose male infertility.