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目的：为探讨耳蜗及前庭放射损伤的始发部位和可能机理。方法：给予１６只豚鼠耳区一次５０Ｇｙ的６０Ｃｏγ－射线照射，采用耳蜗动作电位（ＡＰ）、眼震电流描记术和电镜技术进行研究。结果：辐射后豚鼠ＡＰ反应阈上升呈渐进性；前庭各功能试验结果表明，辐射后豚鼠眼震次数和持续时间呈进行性减少或缩短；电镜检查发现耳蜗和前庭毛细胞纤毛倒伏或缺失，其线粒体和内质网明显受损；神经末稍明显受损；细胞损伤程度：耳蜗外毛细胞＞内毛细胞、前庭毛细胞＞支持细胞、腹壶嵴毛细胞＞椭圆囊斑毛细胞＞球囊斑毛细胞。结论：放射线对耳蜗和前庭毛细胞和神经末稍的损伤是造成其功能障碍的主要原因；其辐射损伤呈进行性加重；耳蜗和前庭各部细胞的放射敏感性有差异性
Objective: To investigate the origin and possible mechanism of cochlear and vestibular radiation injury. Methods: A group of 16 guinea pigs were given 50Gy 60Co γ-ray irradiation. Cochlear action potential (AP), nystagmus and electron microscopy were used to study the effects. Results: The response threshold of AP in guinea pigs was gradually increased after radiated. The functional test of vestibule showed that the number and duration of nystagmus in guinea pigs were decreased or shortened evidently after radiation. The cilia of cochlear and vestibular hair cells were found to be lodging or missing by electron microscopy Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum were significantly damaged; nerve endings were significantly damaged; degree of cell injury: cochlear outer hair cells> inner hair cells, vestibular hair cells> supporting cells, abdomen cavernous hair cells> elliptical punctate cells> balloon Spot hair cells. Conclusion: Radiation damage to the cochlear and vestibular hair cells and nerve endings is the main cause of dysfunction. Radiation damage is progressively aggravated. The radiosensitivity of cochlear and vestibular cells is different