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溢油风化研究对于提升溢油防备和应急响应的效率非常重要。本文采用一种自行设计的用氯丁二烯橡胶围成水池并配有气动推板造波造流的新型溢油风化模拟装置,来模拟燃料油、柴油、涠洲原油、阿曼原油的风化过程,并对溢油样品的外观和碳稳定同位素比率δ13C的动态变化进行研究分析。结果显示,四类油品的外观随风化过程的变化具有显著差别,而且柴油的风化会导致形成球状下沉油块;阿曼原油δ13C与涠洲原油δ13C明显不同,而涠洲原油δ13C却与产自涠洲原油的燃料油颇为相似;四种试验油品在经过长时间风化之后,其δ13C均趋近于溢油刚开始时值,其中,涠洲原油的δ13C在风化过程中的变化幅度最大,大约为其他三种油品的7倍。本项研究的成果可应用于水上溢油的品种及其环境归宿的鉴别分析。
Oil spill weathering studies are very important to improve the efficiency of oil spill preparedness and emergency response. In this paper, a new type of oil spill weathering simulation device with chloroprene rubber and a pneumatic thrust plate was used to simulate the weathering process of fuel oil, diesel oil, Weizhou crude oil and Oman crude oil , And the dynamic changes of appearance and carbon stable isotope ratio (δ13C) of oil spill samples were studied. The results show that the appearances of the four types of oil products vary greatly with the weathering process, and the weathering of the diesel oil will lead to the formation of spherical subsidence oil blocks. The oil δ13C of Oman and the δ13C of Weizhou oil are obviously different, while δ13C of Weizhou oil The fuel oil produced from Weizhou crude oil was quite similar. The δ13C values of the four test oils tended to be close to the initial oil spill after long-term weathering. Among them, the change of δ13C in Weizhou oil during weathering Largest, about seven times the other three oils. The results of this study can be applied to the identification of varieties of oil spills on water and the fate of their environment.