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《药品进口法》是美国第一部限制伪劣药品进口的全国性立法,是联邦政府为建立一个安全的药品供应链而采取的重要措施,为联邦政府涉足药品管理和保护消费者权利首开先河。转型时代掺假药品问题的凸显和专利药品的泛滥,直接或间接地减损了医学界的“职业权威”。为了保护医学界的利益和增加其职业认同感,美国医学会与州、市和地方的医学和药学社团以掺假药品问题为突破口,展开了积极的游说,推动国会颁布立法,限制掺假药品的进口。医学界的活动得到了国会中医学政治家的积极支持,而院外医学游说团体与国会中医学政治家的联手最终推动了1848年《药品进口法》的颁行。
The Drug Import Act, the first national legislation in the United States to limit the import of shoddy medicines, is an important measure taken by the federal government to establish a secure drug supply chain. It is the first step for the federal government to get involved in drug administration and protect consumers’ rights. The advent of adulterated drugs during the transitional era and the proliferation of patented drugs directly or indirectly detracted from the “professional authority” of the medical profession. In order to protect the interests of the medical profession and increase their professional identity, the Medical Association of the United States has engaged in active lobbying with the medical and pharmaceutical community in the state, municipalities and localities over the issue of adulteration of drugs to promote the enactment of legislation by Congress to restrict adulteration of drugs Import. The activities of the medical community were actively supported by Congressional medical politicians, and the union of hospital outpatient lobbies and congressional medical politicians eventually led to the promulgation of the 1848 Drug Import Act.