基于虚拟样机技术的液压液力复合转向机构的优化匹配研究

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满足履带车辆在恶劣路面实现原地转向是转向系统设计的重要指标之一。目前,我国履带车辆普遍采用液压机械双功率流的无级转向系统,为满足大吨位车辆原地转向要求,必须匹配大排量的液压泵-马达或提高液压泵-马达的系统压力。为克服这些不足,提出液压液力复合转向工作机构。首先分析了液压液力复合转向机构的工作原理,确定了液力偶合器的原始特性。然后,以某车的综合传动系统为研究基础,通过引入液力偶合器构成液压液力复合转向机构,并在ADAMS/View环境中建立了相应的虚拟样机模型。以此模型为蓝本,确定了4个设计变量,通过分析,偶合器的有效直径和动力输入到液力偶合器泵轮的传动比为关键变量,并进行变量的敏度分析。最后,建立了优化约束条件和优化目标,利用ADAMS的DOE(DesignofExperiment)功能进行了优化设计的仿真分析,确定了偶合器的有效直径和传动比,并进行了仿真实验。仿真表明,设计的液压液力复合转向机构可满足车辆在恶劣路面原地转向的要求,同时显著降低了液压泵-马达的排量,为低排量泵-马达实现大吨位车辆的转向性能提供了依据。 Satisfying the crawler to achieve in-situ steering on bad road surface is one of the most important indicators of steering system design. At present, the trackless vehicles of our country generally adopt the stepless steering system of hydraulic machinery dual-power flow. In order to meet the requirement of in-situ steering of large-tonnage vehicles, it is necessary to match the hydraulic pump-motor with large displacement or to increase the system pressure of the hydraulic pump-motor. In order to overcome these shortcomings, hydraulic hydraulic steering mechanism was proposed. Firstly, the working principle of the hydraulic-hydraulic compound steering mechanism is analyzed and the original characteristics of the hydraulic coupling are confirmed. Then, based on the integrated transmission system of a car, a hydraulic-hydraulic hybrid steering mechanism is constructed by introducing a fluid coupling, and a corresponding virtual prototype model is established in an ADAMS / View environment. Based on this model, four design variables were identified. Through analysis, the effective diameter of the coupling and the transmission ratio of the power input to the hydraulic coupling pump impeller were the key variables, and the sensitivity analysis of the variables was carried out. Finally, the optimization constraints and optimization objectives were established. The design optimization experiment was carried out by using DOF (DesignofExperiment) function of ADAMS. The effective diameter and transmission ratio of the coupler were determined and the simulation experiments were carried out. The simulation shows that the designed hydraulic and hydraulic compound steering mechanism can meet the requirement of the vehicle turning on the bad road in situ while significantly reducing the displacement of the hydraulic pump-motor and providing the steering performance of the low-displacement pump-motor for large-tonnage vehicles The basis.
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