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在20世纪即将过去的时候,回顾本世纪文学的历程,正确认识和评价有过重大影响的人物与事件,吸取经验教训以有益于文学的发展,无疑是各国文学工作者最为关心的事情。法国的《读书》杂志为此向作家们进行了广泛的调查,题目是“您认为20世纪最重要的文学事件是什么?最没有意义的文学事件又是什么?”并且在第257期(1997年夏季合刊)上刊登了由40位作家的答案组成的调查结果。这篇来自文学大国的颇有代表性的报道,对于我们了解本世纪的文学大事和西方作家的看法,显然很有参考价值。20世纪文学最大的特色是现代主义文学,不过作家们对现代主义文学的看法并不一致。让·多梅松和弗朗索瓦·努尔西埃等十多位作家认为,普鲁斯特的《追忆似水年华》和乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》的问世是本世纪最重要的事件。多梅松指出,《追忆似水年华》的出版对于法语来说,与詹姆斯·乔伊斯对于英语,弗洛伊德对于德语有着同样的意
As the 20th century approaches, it is undoubtedly the most concern of literary workers in all countries to review the course of this century’s literature, correctly understand and evaluate the influential figures and events, and learn from the experience and lessons to benefit the development of literature. To this end, the French “Readings” magazine conducted extensive surveys with writers on the topic “What do you think is the most important literary event in the 20th century? What is the most insignificant literary event?” And in No. 257 (Summer 1997 issue) contains the findings of a survey of 40 writers. This very representative report from the great literary country is obviously of great reference value for us to understand the major literary events of this century and Western writers. The greatest feature of 20th century literature is modernist literature, but writers’ views of modernist literature are not the same. More than a dozen writers such as Jean Domeson and Francois Noorce thought that the birth of Proust’s Memory of the Remembrance and Joyce’s Ulysses are the most important of this century event. Domeson points out that the publication of “Remembered” is the same for French as James Joyce’s for English, Freud for German