抗菌素如青霉素、链霉素应用于临床上已五十余年,的确为临床治疗学开辟了一条新的途径,很多传染病的死亡率有了大幅度的下降。但抗菌素的应用同时亦带来了很多新的问题,这就是抗菌素的付作用。临床上应用抗菌素会产生毒性反应、过敏性反应、细菌产生耐药性和二重感染。抗菌素对其职业性接触者同样会产生职业性危害。 Antibiotics such as penicillin and streptomycin have been used clinically for more than 50 years, which has indeed opened a new avenue for clinical therapeutics. The mortality rate of many infectious diseases has dropped dramatically. However, the application of antibiotics also brings a lot of new problems at the same time. This is the role of antibiotics. Clinical application of antibiotics can produce toxic reactions, allergic reactions, bacterial resistance and double infection. Antibiotics also cause occupational hazards to their occupational contacts.