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应用细胞免疫荧光技术及流式细胞术，对５５例子宫平滑肌肿瘤石蜡组织块的Ｐ５３表达进行定量分析。结果表明，正常子宫平滑肌组织Ｐ５３表达均为阴性。１４例平滑肌瘤仅有２例出现过度表达（１４％）；交界性平滑肌肿瘤１２例；多数为过度表达（７５％）；平滑肌肉瘤２９例中，则有２６例（９０％）出现过度表达（Ｐ＜０．００５）。从平滑肌瘤、交界性平滑肌瘤到平滑肌肉瘤Ⅰ、Ⅱ级，Ｐ５３表达量显著递增（Ｐ＜０．００５）。Ｐ５３表达量随肿瘤细胞分裂相、异形性、密度的增高也有明显增高（Ｐ＜０．００５）。Ｐ５３低表达者５年生存率为８５％，而过度表达者为４８．５％。提示：子宫平滑肌肿瘤一旦出现Ｐ５３过度表达应考虑为恶性；Ｐ５３表达可能和平滑肌向平滑肌肉瘤的转化密切相关；Ｐ５３表达可作为判断病人预后的一项客观指标。
The expression of P53 protein in 55 cases of uterine smooth muscle tumor paraffin blocks was quantitatively analyzed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. The results showed that normal uterine smooth muscle P53 expression were negative. Only 14 cases of leiomyoma showed overexpression (14%), 12 cases of borderline smooth muscle tumors (mostly 75%), and 29 cases of leiomyosarcoma (90%) were over-expressed (P <0.005). From leiomyoma, borderline leiomyoma to leiomyosarcoma Ⅰ, Ⅱ grade, P53 expression increased significantly (P <0.005). P53 expression with the tumor cell division, abnormality, increased density was also significantly higher (P <0.005). The 5-year survival rate of low expression of P53 was 85%, while that of overexpression was 48.5%. Tip: Uterine smooth muscle tumors in the presence of P53 overexpression should be considered malignant; P53 expression may be closely related to the conversion of smooth muscle to leiomyosarcoma; P53 expression can be used as an objective indicator to determine the prognosis of patients.