目的研究大多功能蛋白酶（ＬＭＰ）２基因与１型糖尿病（１ＤＭ）及其发病年龄的关系。方法７１例１ＤＭ患者及８６名健康人参加，根据发病年龄将１ＤＭ患者分为３组（≤１４岁组，１５～３０岁组，≥３１岁组）；采用聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性（ＰＣＲＲＦＬＰ）技术进行ＬＭＰ２基因分型。结果ＬＭＰ２Ｒ／Ｒ、ＬＭＰ２Ｒ／Ｈ、ＬＭＰ２Ｈ／Ｈ、ＬＭＰ２Ｒ及ＬＭＰ２Ｈ频率在１ＤＭ组分别为４０．９％、５３．５％、５．６％、６７．６％、３２．４％，在正常对照组分别为５７．０％、３２．６％、１０．４％、７３．３％、２６．７％。ＬＭＰ２Ｒ／Ｈ频率在１ＤＭ组显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），而ＬＭＰ２Ｒ／Ｒ频率则显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；ＬＭＰ２各基因型及等位基因频率在１ＤＭ各发病年龄组之间无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论ＬＭＰ２Ｒ／Ｈ可能为１ＤＭ的易感基因型，ＬＭＰ２Ｒ／Ｈ阳性者患１ＤＭ的危险性增加；ＬＭＰ２Ｒ／Ｒ可能是１ＤＭ的保护基因型，ＬＭＰ２Ｒ／Ｒ阳性者患１ＤＭ的危险性降低；ＬＭＰ２各个基因型及等位基因与１ＤＭ的发病年龄无 Objective To investigate the relationship between LMP 2 gene and type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and its age of onset. Methods A total of 71 patients with 1DM and 86 healthy subjects were enrolled. According to the age of onset, 1DM patients were divided into 3 groups (≤14 years old, 1530 years old, ≥31 years old). Polymerase chain reaction Restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR  RFP) for LMP2 genotyping. Results The frequencies of LMP2R / R, LMP2R / H, LMP2H / H, LMP2R and LMP2H were 40.9%, 53.5%, 5.6%, 67% .6%, 32.4% in the normal control group were 57.0%, 32.6%, 10.4%, 73.3%, 26.7%. The frequency of LMP2R / H in 1DM group was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.01), while the frequency of LMP2R / R was significantly lower than that in control group (P <0.05). The LMP2R / There was no significant difference in the frequency of alleles between the 1DM age group (P> 0.05). Conclusion LMP2R / H may be a susceptible genotype of 1DM, LMP2R / H positive risk of 1DM increased; LMP2R / R may be the protection of 1DM genotype, LMP2  R / R-positive patients with a risk of 1DM decreased; LMP2 genotypes and alleles and 1DM age of onset of no