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美国黑人文学在整个世界文学中占据着重要的地位,已经成为世界文学的一部分。美国黑人文学的发展随着美国的政治经济文化环境的变化而变化。美国是不同族裔聚居融合形成的多民族国家,这就注定了美国文化是多种文化碰撞与糅合的结果。美国文化主要以白人文化为主,中间还夹杂着许多外族裔文化,最后糅合形成美国当前的综合性文化。主流文化与各种少数族裔文化在某些方面无疑会发生碰撞与磨合,由于文学根植于文化,这就使得处于特殊境遇的美国黑人文学拥有了非洲族裔文学的特殊性,这种特殊性主要体现在美国黑人文学的思维逻辑、创作主题及其“自我”精神等方面。
Afro-American literature occupies an important position in the entire world literature and has become a part of world literature. The development of Afro-American literature changes with changes in the political, economic and cultural environment in the United States. The United States is a multi-ethnic country formed by the integration of different ethnic groups. This is the result of the collision and blending of various cultures in American culture. American culture is mainly dominated by white culture with many ethnic cultures mixed in the middle, finally forming the current integrated culture in the United States. There is no doubt that the mainstream culture and various minority cultures will collide with each other in some aspects. Because literature is rooted in culture, this makes the African American literature in a special situation possess the particularity of African ethnic literature. Mainly reflected in the thinking logic of black American literature, creative themes and their “self ” spirit and so on.