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前文研究了品种和播期对夏播小麦籽粒产量和产量构成因素的影响。本文对穗部灌浆过程作了生长分析。开花后,每隔两天取样,烘干后称取穗重,直至收获。试验资料符合一元三次回归方程:f(t)=a+bt+ct~2+dt~3,由此计算出穗干物质积累速度。并根据生长曲线求得灌浆速度和持续时间。夏播小麦对播期反应很敏感。在试验条件下,播种日期每推后4天,全生育期平均温度便下降1℃,灌浆阶段的平均温度下降1.5℃。而灌浆阶段平均温度每下降1℃,籽粒灌浆时间延长3.1天。夏播小麦籽粒产量和千粒重的主要限制因素是灌浆期的温度。这一阶段的平均温度既决定灌浆速度,又影响持续时间。而最终的籽粒产量主要取决于灌浆速度。
The previous study of the varieties and sowing date of summer sowing grain yield and yield components of the impact. In this paper, the growth of the grain filling process was analyzed. After flowering, samples are taken every two days, and the panicles are weighed after drying until harvesting. The experimental data are in accordance with the regression equation of one yuan and three times: f (t) = a + bt + ct ~ 2 + dt ~ 3, thus calculating the ear dry matter accumulation rate. According to the growth curve, the filling speed and duration were obtained. Summer sowing of wheat is very sensitive to the sowing date. Under the experimental conditions, the sowing date dropped 4 days after each push, the average temperature during the whole growth period decreased by 1 ° C, and the average temperature during the grain filling stage decreased by 1.5 ° C. However, the average temperature in the grain filling stage decreased by 1 ℃ and the grain filling time extended by 3.1 days. The main limiting factor for summer sowing grain yield and 1000-grain weight is the grain filling temperature. The average temperature at this stage determines both the filling speed and the duration. The final grain yield depends mainly on the filling rate.