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为了查找民航运输航空器偏/冲出跑道事件的共性特点及成因,对比了国外不同研究机构的相关数据,统计分析了1996年至2010年间中国民航偏/冲出跑道事件。结果表明,6月、7月、8月因常常伴有降水、雷暴等复杂天气现象,事件数量最为集中;着陆阶段航空器偏出跑道是本类事件中最突出的问题。驾驶术欠缺、CRM失效、复杂气象条件、违反SOP、夜航或受灯光不利影响是促成着陆阶段偏出跑道的主要因素。当两种或两种以上风险因素同时存在时,因耦合效应着陆偏出跑道事件的发生概率会明显增加。
In order to find out the common features and causes of aircraft accidents in / out of runway, the relative data of different research institutes in foreign countries were contrasted. The data of China Civil Aviation overrun / out of runway from 1996 to 2010 were statistically analyzed. The results show that June, July and August are the most frequent incidents due to the frequent weather phenomena such as precipitation and thunderstorms. The most prominent issue of this type of event is the over-runway of aircraft during the landing phase. Lack of driving skills, failure of CRMs, complex meteorological conditions, violations of SOPs, night-time flights or adverse lighting effects were the main factors contributing to the departure of the runways during the landing phase. When two or more risk factors coexist, the probability of a landing event deviating from the runway due to the coupling effect will increase significantly.