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日语中有这样两种现象:一是词的多义、一是读音相同的不同词语(我们暂且称其为“同音异义词”)。所谓的多义词就是一个发音,但是有两个以上相互有关联的含义。多义词的读音和汉语表记形式不一定是一对一的关系,例如「あたたかい」(暖.温)、「かたい」(固.硬.堅)、「はかる」(図.測.計.量.謀.諮)等,一个读音对应着多个汉字。而所谓的同音异义词就像字面意义所示一样,只是发音相同,词语的意义之间没有任何关系。当然,同音异义词发音相同,汉语表记形式完全不一样。由此我们可以看出,无论是多义词,还是同音异义词,尽管它们的发音相同,但是都有汉语表记形式完全不同的情况。那么,在什么情况下应该把两个或两个以上的词语看作是一个词的多义关系?在什么情况下又应该把其看做是同音异义词的关系?本文带着这样的疑问,试图进行区别探索。
There are two kinds of phenomena in Japanese: one is the polysemy of words, the other is the same pronunciation of different words (let’s call them “homonyms”). The so-called polysemy is a pronunciation, but there are two or more related meaning. Polysemy is not necessarily a one-to-one relationship between phonetic transcriptions and Chinese forms, such as “た た た か い” (warm temperature), “か ta い” (.. 坚), “は か る” Consultative), etc., a pronunciation corresponding to multiple Chinese characters. The so-called homonyms, like the literal meaning, are the same except that they have the same pronunciation and the meaning of the words. Of course, homonyms are pronounced the same, and Chinese forms are completely different. From this we can see that no matter polysemy or homonym, although their pronunciation is the same, there are totally different forms of Chinese annotations. So, under what circumstances should two or more words should be considered as a polysemy of a word and under what circumstances should it be treated as a homonym? This article carries with it the question , Trying to make a difference to explore.