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针茅属 (StipaL .)植物是中国北方草原上多种群落的主要建群种。是草原畜牧业所依赖的主要饲用植物之一。但针茅植物在结实后期对牲畜有危害。其果实的针芒可刺入家畜皮中 ,混入毛中 ,造成畜产品质量严重下降。本研究从针茅植物的繁衍特性着手 ,对针茅属植物的为害特性及对其防除的可行性进行了初步的研究。结果表明 :(1 )针茅芒针的危害是针茅种子基盘刺突对家畜皮革的危害。欲防止其危害须防止针茅植物结实产生种子。但由于针茅植物主要由种子繁殖来维持种群 ,任何不利于种子生产的措施必将会对种群稳定及草地生产力产生不利影响。 (2 )针茅植物强大的结实及种子传播能力使任何小规模的防治措施变的无效。针茅种子的长寿命使任何短时期的防治措施无济于事。由于针茅对当地条件的适应性及顽固性 ,在保护草场不受危害的情况下 ,大面积防除针茅危害 ,在目前的条件下 ,从草业技术上是行不通的。 (3)通过对几种防除针茅危害方案设想的分析 ,认为 :在许多方案中 ,防除针茅危害所需的花费 (或因此而损失的价值 )要远远高于将来因防除了针茅而新增的产值 ,因此 ,从经济上讲 ,防除针茅是得不偿失的。 (4)针茅植物经环境选择而存留下来的适应性物种 ,它的生物学特性决定了它能够成为草原上各类草场建群种或优势?
StipaL. Plants are the dominant species in many communities in the grasslands of northern China. It is one of the main feedstuffs on which the prairie livestock husbandry depends. However, the plant is excreted in the late fruiting endangered. Its fruit needle can pierce the animal skin, mixed with hair, resulting in a serious decline in the quality of livestock products. This study started from the reproductive characteristics of the plant of Stipa, and studied the harmful characteristics of Stipa and its feasibility of control. The results showed that: (1) The damage of Stipa bungeana was the hazard of the spikes of Stipa grandis seeds on domestic animal leather. To prevent its harm to prevent the fruiting bodies of Stipa produce seed. However, since the plant is mainly maintained by seed breeding, any measures that are detrimental to seed production will have an adverse effect on population stability and grassland productivity. (2) The strong sturdiness and seed-borne ability of the plants of the grass make any small-scale control measures ineffective. The long life of the quince seed makes any short-term prevention and treatment ineffective. Due to the adaptability and stubbornness of Stipa bungeanum to local conditions, the prevention and control of large-scale Stipa bungeana hazards is not technically feasible from the grass industry under the current conditions in order to protect the pasture from harm. (3) Based on the analysis of several schemes to control the hazard of Stipa baicalensis, it is considered that in many schemes, the cost (or the value of loss) The new output value, therefore, economically speaking, the control of Stir-fry is worth the candle. (4) Adapted species of Stipa bungei survived by environmental selection, its biological characteristics determine whether it can be used as a species or predominant species of grassland on pasture.