19世纪末到 2 0世纪初是欧洲的一个文化危机时代。他们一方面陶醉于工业文明的巨大进步 ,一方面感受着神与人的相继失落。托尔斯泰以一个先知的姿态预言了欧洲文明的失范 ,同时也对基督教会的教义加以否定。因为 ,文明在带来火车和电力的同时 ,也带来了传统伦理的沦丧 ;而基督 From the late 19th century to the early 20th century was a time of cultural crisis in Europe. On the one hand, they revel in the tremendous progress of industrial civilization and on the other hand feel the successive loss of God and man. Tolstoy predicted the anomie of European civilization in the form of a prophet, and denied the Christian doctrine. Because, while bringing in trains and electricity, civilization also brought about the loss of traditional ethics; and Christ