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关于寒区野战生存,美国陆军2000年版的《生存手册》中有“极地生存”的专章进行阐述;英国皇家特别空勤团(SAS)的生存教官怀斯曼著的《生存手册》一书中也有“极地地区”一节进行介绍。而我国有被称为世界“第三极”的喜马拉雅、帕米尔、喀喇昆仑等高原寒区,平均海拔6000m,在这里发生过中、印、巴之间的军事冲突,被称为“世界最高的战场”。曾指挥过克什米尔锡亚琴冰川争夺战的巴勒斯坦前陆军参谋长阿齐兹·贝格说:“在冰川上,首先得争取活下来。这时,真正的威胁不是敌人,而是极端恶劣的环境。”1950年,我解放军独立骑兵师先遣连进军西藏阿里的艰苦历程是我军高原寒区野战生存的突出范例。他们翻越海拔6420m的昆仑山和海拔7615m的冈底斯山的东君拉达坂,最后到达了阿里首府噶达克。在数千公里的行军途中,这支英雄的骑兵先遣连在住、行、吃、自救等诸多方面创造了被称为“生命禁区”的高原寒区野战生存的成功经验。本文即从这几个角度阐述说明,冀望对今天的人们有所裨益。
On Cold War survival, the United States Army 2000 edition of the “Survival Manual” contains “Polar Survival ” of the chapter elaborate; British Royal Special Air Service (SAS) Survival Instructor Wiseman’s “Survival Manual” a The book also has “Polar Regions ” section to introduce. In our country, there are Himalayan, Pamir and Karakorum alpine areas called “the third” in the world, with an average altitude of 6000m. Here there have been military conflicts between China, India and Pakistan, which are called “The highest battlefield in the world.” Aziz Berg, former chief of staff of the Palestinian Forces who had directed the battle for the Siachen Glacier in Kashmir, said: “In the glacier, we must first strive to survive. At this time, the real threat is not the enemy but the extremely bad Environment. ”“ In 1950, the painstaking course of our advancement of the People’s Liberation Army’s Independent Cavalry Division into Tibet Ali was a prominent example of our field survival in the cold areas of our plateau. They crossed the Kunlun Mountains at an altitude of 6,420m and the Dongju Radaban in the Gangdise Mountains at an altitude of 7,615m and finally reached the capital of Ali, Gadak. Thousands of kilometers of march on the way, this hero’s cavalry advance even in many aspects of live, work, eat, self-help and created a so-called ”life restricted area" cold plateau survival success stories. This article elaborates and explains from these angles, hoping to benefit people today.