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大手术、休克、感染等引起的代谢反应由内分泌系统、自主神经系统和细胞-细胞传导系统介导。其临床、生理和代谢特征已十分清楚。积极地控制病因,采用侵入性循环复苏和营养支持可降低总罹病率和死亡率。但若措施无效,疾病过程即向多器官衰竭发展,病人呈持续高代谢状态,即使改变喂养途径,改善营养状况,降低院内感染也难以显著改变病程和后果。研究资料证明,这种持续高代谢状态表明代谢调控异常,可导致炎症反应持续和免疫抑制,目前正在进行很多研究,以了解和调整这种异常控制状态。精氨酸、n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFA)和RNA除有传统的营养支持作用外,还有调整炎症和改善免疫功能的功效。初步的研究结果令人鼓舞。
Metabolic reactions caused by major surgery, shock, infection, etc. are mediated by the endocrine system, the autonomic nervous system, and the cell-cell conduction system. Its clinical, physiological and metabolic characteristics are well understood. Active control of the etiology, use of invasive revitalization and nutritional support can reduce the overall morbidity and mortality. However, if the measures are not effective, the disease process develops into multiple organ failure and the patient continues to be in a highly metabolic state. Even changing the feeding route, improving nutritional status, and reducing nosocomial infections can not significantly change the course and consequences. Research data show that this sustained high metabolic state that metabolic regulation abnormalities can lead to persistent inflammatory response and immunosuppression, many studies are ongoing to understand and adjust the abnormal control of the state. Arginine, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and RNA, in addition to their traditional nutritional support, have the ability to modulate inflammation and improve immune function. The preliminary findings are encouraging.