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在湖南和广西采集不同水稻品种的祸鞘病株,分离了病原细菌,通过致病性测定和属的特征特性鉴定,认为是由一种黄色极毛杆菌(Xanthomonas sp)引起的。水稻褐鞘病,是我国南方稻区水稻的一种常见病害,其主要特征是:剑叶及下一叶叶鞘颜色变褐,开始时叶鞘上生小褐点,密布形成褐斑,扩展全鞘使整个叶鞘成为褐色、深褐色或紫褐色,叶片从叶尖逐渐向下变黄。有稻螨褐鞘病、褐鞘病、紫杆病、紫鞘病和紫鞘黄叶症之称。一般发病率20-50%,感病品种可达90%以上。对于该病发生的原因,众说纷云,最早张宝棣等认为是由一种稻鞘螨(Stencotarsonemus sp. )造成的,随后又报道了几种附线螨(S. spinki、s.furcatus、Tarsonemus fuzhouesis。而张超然、唐显富等则认为是鞘腐菌(Sarocladium oryzae)引起的,林坚贞还分离到认为有致病性的XanthomonasSp. 和Pseudomonas sp.。陈垂波则报导稻蓟马危害也能引致褐鞘。有鉴于此,我们想进行一些探索,以求澄清这一问题,为进一步开展此病发生规律和防治研究打下基础。
Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from diseased strains of different rice varieties in Hunan and Guangxi Provinces. Pathogenicity and identification of the genus were considered to be caused by a species of Xanthomonas sp. Oryza sativa is a common disease of paddy rice in the southern rice area of China. Its main features are: browning of the leaf sheath of the flag leaf and the next leaf sheath, The entire leaf sheath becomes brown, dark brown or purple-brown, the leaves gradually turn yellow from the tip down. Orycota brown sheath disease, brown sheath disease, purple rod disease, purple sheath disease and purple sheath yellow leaf disease known. The general incidence of 20-50%, susceptible varieties up to 90%. For the reasons for the disease, the public said that the earliest, Zhang Baodi, etc. is considered to be caused by a rice sheath insects (Stencotarsonemus sp.), And subsequently reported several parasitic mites (S. spinki, s.furcatus, Tarsonemus fuzhouesis While Zhang Chaoran and Tang Xianfu were considered to be caused by Sarocladium oryzae, and Lin Jianzhen also isolated Xanthomonas sp and Pseudomonas sp. Which are thought to be pathogenic. Chen Chuanbo reported that the damage caused by the rice thrips could also cause brown sheath In view of this, we would like to make some explorations in order to clarify this issue and lay the foundation for further studies on the law of occurrence and prevention of this disease.