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通过对电梯运动产生的活塞效应的理论进行相关分析,采用CFD工具FDS5.4.1建立高层建筑典型的竖向疏散通道物理模型,选择大涡模拟方法进行数值模拟,研究电梯在不同运行过程中竖向疏散通道中的烟气运动规律,分析前室与建筑空间的压力差及烟气运动路径、速度的变化。模拟结果显示:电梯活塞效应会使电梯井及其前室的压力发生变化,电梯运动使得前室与建筑空间之间的压力差呈现先升后降的趋势;电梯向下运动一定程度上可以减缓烟气的扩散,而电梯向上运动会加速烟气通过前室向其它楼层地扩散。
Through the correlation analysis of the piston effect theory of elevator movement, CFD tool FDS5.4.1 is used to establish the typical physical model of vertical evacuation passage of high-rise building, and the large-eddy simulation method is chosen to conduct numerical simulation to study the vertical Smoke movement in the evacuation passage was analyzed. The pressure difference between the anterior chamber and the building space and the change of smoke movement path and speed were analyzed. The simulation results show that the elevator piston effect will change the pressure in the elevator shaft and its anterior chamber. The elevator movement makes the pressure difference between the anterior chamber and the building space increase first and then decrease. The downward movement of the elevator can be alleviated to a certain extent Flue gas diffusion, and lift the upward movement will accelerate the flue gas to spread through the front room to other floors.