论文部分内容阅读
为了了解高温天气对水稻开花结实和品质的影响,并筛选耐热品种,选用D43等19个品种,以9311和耐热品种N22为对照,采用分期播种,调节供试材料播种期使其始穗期相差不多于2 d,各品种每7 d播种1期,共3期,考查各品种结实率、稻米品质的变化及其与各阶段温度的相关关系,并通过聚类分析计算各品种间的相似系数.结果表明,2011年所有品种至少有1期开花期遇38℃以上高温;结实率与开花期(始穗期至齐穗期4 d)平均日最高温度极显著相关,与开花期前3 d的平均日最高温度显著相关;整精米率与开花后11-15 d平均日最高温度极显著相关,垩白大小与开花后6-20 d平均日最高温度显著相关.聚类分析结果显示耐热性相近的品种遗传相似系数较高.两个地方稻品种D43(43.43℃高温下结实率为88.48%)和D81(40.96℃高温下结实率为72.43%)开花期高温下结实率较高,且与耐热对照N22的相似系数小于0.63,可作为水稻花期耐热育种亲本;优质稻品种湘晚籼17和品36在不同温度下稻米外观品质较稳定,值得推广利用.图5表3参19
In order to understand the effect of hot weather on the flowering and fruiting of rice and screening of heat-tolerant cultivars, 19 varieties such as D43 were selected to 9311 and heat-tolerant variety N22 as control, The difference between the two cultivars was less than 2 days. The varieties were sown one time every 7 days for three periods. The seed setting rate, the quality of rice and its correlation with temperature were examined. The results showed that at least one flowering stage of all cultivars in 2011 met the high temperature above 38 ℃. The seed setting rate was significantly correlated with the average daily maximum temperature at flowering stage (from heading stage to full heading stage) The mean daily maximum temperature was significantly correlated with the mean daily maximum temperature on the 3rd day after flowering.The average milled rice rate was significantly correlated with the mean daily maximum temperature at 11-15 d after flowering and the chalkiness was significantly correlated with the mean daily maximum temperature at 6-20 d after flowering.The clustering analysis showed that The genetic similarity coefficients of two rice cultivars with similar heat tolerance were higher at D43 (88.48% at 43.43 ℃) and D81 (72.43% at 40.96 ℃) , And the similarity coefficient with the heat-resistant control N22 was small 0.63, can be used as the heat-resistant rice breeding parent flowering; high quality rice varieties Xiangwanxian 17 and 36 rice appearance quality product more stable at different temperatures, FIG. 5 worthy Refs. 19.