论文部分内容阅读
人们通常认为,机构的任务对机构的设计、自主、治理和控制是一个重要的决定因素。但是,迄今有关这方面预测的证据却是有限的。此外,在“任务变量”方面,还存在若干问题。在没有明确界定的情况下,机构往往承担多项任务,由于任务是一个称名变量,在使用统计技术时就受到了限制。这样就出现了两个问题:任务重要吗?如何测量任务是否重要呢?利用对荷兰机构的调查数据(N=206),采用不同方法对若干预期进行了检验。总的来说,有些任务对机构的自主性和控制性有一些影响,然而这种影响往往只是间接的,而且在多变量因素分析中并未得到支持。在解释机构的自主性和控制性时,正式自主性和预算规模比任务更具有决定性。在检验任务效应上,虚变量分析比非参数检验更为适用。在未来的分析中,研究人员应采用多种任务分析法,而不只是简单地采用二分法,这不仅是因为机构承担多项任务,而且还因为特定的任务会产生特定的效应。对实践工作者的启示机构具有多种不同组合的任务。在设计机构应拥有多大自主性和控制性时,应考虑到这一因素。任务和自主性或控制性之间并没有直接的关系。机构的类型和预算规模对其自主性和控制性的影响最为关键。
It is often assumed that the agency’s mandate is an important determinant of the organization’s design, ownership, governance and control. However, the evidence so far forecast in this area is limited. In addition, there are several issues with “task variables ”. In the absence of a clear definition, the agency often undertakes many tasks, and because the task is a titular variable, it is limited in the use of statistical techniques. There are two issues that arise: Is the task important? How is the measurement mission important? Using a survey of Dutch institutions (N = 206), a number of different approaches were used to test some of the expectations. In general, some of the tasks have some impact on the autonomy and control of institutions, however, the impact is often indirect and not supported in multivariate analysis. In explaining the institutional autonomy and control, formal autonomy and budget size are more decisive than tasks. In the test task effect, dummy variable analysis is more suitable than nonparametric test. In future analyzes, researchers should adopt a variety of task analytic rather than simply dichotomous approaches not only because the organization has multiple mandates but also because specific mandates have a specific effect. Enlightenment to practitioners The agency has many different combinations of tasks. This factor should be taken into account when designing agencies should have much autonomy and control. There is no direct relationship between mission and autonomy or control. The type of agency and the size of the budget have the most impact on its autonomy and control.