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目的探讨北京市城市社区老年人生活质量及其影响因素。方法随机抽取两个城市,采用WHOQOL-BREF量表对两个社区471名老年人进行问卷调查。结果老年人的主观评价高于客观评价,女性的主观幸福平高于男性,有配偶的老年人生活质量高于无配偶的老年人;与子女同居的生活质量高于夫妇同居。春妇同居高于夫妇独居;老年人生活质量与生理领域、心理领域、社会领域、环境领域、月收入、慢性病等呈正相关,与年龄、婚姻状况等呈负相关。结论影响老年人生活质量因素是多方面的,应采取相应的干预措施,以提高北京市城市社区老年人的生活质量。
Objective To explore the quality of life of the elderly in urban communities in Beijing and its influencing factors. Methods Two cities were randomly selected and 471 elderly people in two communities were surveyed by WHOQOL-BREF scale. Results The subjective evaluation of the elderly was higher than the objective evaluation. The subjective happiness of the female was higher than that of the male. The quality of life of the elderly with spouse was higher than that of the spouse without the spouse. The quality of life of the elderly living with the children was higher than that of the spouses. The cohabitation of the spring women is higher than that of the couple living alone. The quality of life of the elderly is positively correlated with the physiological, psychological, social, environmental, monthly, and chronic diseases, and negatively correlated with the age and marital status. Conclusion There are many factors influencing the quality of life of the elderly. Corresponding intervention measures should be taken to improve the quality of life of the elderly in urban communities in Beijing.