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以玉米杂交种隆平206与秦龙14为试材,分别在开花期和子粒灌浆期进行高温处理,研究不同生育期高温对玉米穗部性状、子粒品质与淀粉糊化特性的影响。结果表明,开花期与子粒灌浆期高温处理均显著降低秦龙14的子粒行数、行粒数,其中,开花期秦龙14高温处理败育;对隆平206无显著影响,说明隆平206子粒形成过程中耐高温较强。与对照相比,高温显著增加两个品种玉米子粒蛋白质含量,降低子粒脂肪与淀粉含量;品种间比较,高温对秦龙14品质的影响较隆平206大。隆平206不同生育期高温处理比较,灌浆期高温对子粒脂肪含量影响较大,蛋白质含量次之,淀粉含量相对较小,两个高温处理子粒淀粉峰值黏度、低谷黏度、最终黏度与糊化温度显著高于对照;灌浆期高温处理糊化参数的升幅较开花期高温处理大。玉米生育后期高温对玉米子粒品质及糊化特性有显著影响,灌浆期高温较开花期高温对玉米子粒品质的影响较大。开花期高温对玉米子粒育性影响较大,灌浆期高温主要影响玉米子粒品质。
Maize hybrids Longping 206 and Qinlong 14 were used as materials to study the effects of high temperature at different growth stages on maize ear traits, grain quality and starch gelatinization during the flowering and grain filling stages respectively. The results showed that both the flowering stage and the grain filling stage of high temperature treatment significantly reduced the number of rows and rows of seeds of Qinlong 14, of which, Qinlong 14 was aborted at high temperature during flowering stage and had no significant effect on Longping 206, High temperature during the process. Compared with the control, high temperature significantly increased the protein content of two varieties of maize grain and reduced the content of fat and starch in the grains. Compared with the control, the effect of high temperature on the quality of Qinlong 14 was longer than 206. Compared with the high temperature treatment at different growth stages of Longping 206, the high temperature during grain filling stage had a significant effect on the fat content of grain, followed by the protein content, and the starch content was relatively small. The peak viscosity, trough viscosity, final viscosity and gelatinization temperature of two high- Which was higher than that of the control. The increase of gelatinization parameters during high temperature treatment at grain filling stage was larger than that at flowering stage. High temperature during late growth period had a significant effect on corn grain quality and gelatinization characteristics. High temperature during filling stage had a greater effect on corn grain quality than high temperature during flowering stage. The high temperature at flowering stage had a great effect on maize grain fertility, and the high temperature during filling stage mainly affected the quality of maize grains.