目的：为分析在健康人群筛查早期发期鼻咽癌的作用，将筛查发现鼻咽癌病例的生存率与医院就诊病例的生存率作比较。方法：收集广州、中山和四会三地７年定期筛查发现的鼻咽癌病例与中山和四会肿瘤登记报告的医院就诊病例的生存资料，用Ｃｏｘ模型校正年龄、性别和临床分期后比较两组病例的生存率。结果：筛查发现病例的５年生存率为７９８７％，医院病例则为５８４３％，两组病例的生存率差异有统计学意义。除与是否筛查发现有关外，生存率还与确诊时年龄和临床分期密切相关，但与性别无统计学意义的关联。Ⅰ期病例的５年生存率达８４１９％，而Ⅳ期病例降到１４５８％。结论：对健康人群作筛查可以提高鼻咽癌病例的生存率。 OBJECTIVE: To analyze the role of screening nasopharyngeal carcinoma in early-stage patients in healthy populations and compare the survival rates of NPC patients with those of hospital-acquired patients for screening. Methods: Survival data of hospitalized cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma detected by 7-year periodic screening in Guangzhou, Zhongshan and Sihui were collected and compared with the hospital records of Zhongshan and Sihui registrations of cancer. Cox model was used to compare the age, sex and clinical stage Survival of two groups of patients. Results: The 5-year survival rate was 7987% in screening and 5843% in hospital. There was significant difference in survival between the two groups. In addition to whether screening is relevant, survival is also closely related to age and clinical stage at diagnosis, but not to gender. The 5-year survival rate of stage Ⅰ cases was 84.19%, while that of stage Ⅳ cases was 1458%. Conclusion: Screening healthy people can improve the survival rate of NPC cases.