论文部分内容阅读
Pragmatics is an important branch and research field of linguistics. After the famous linguist J. L. Austin introduced the Speech Act Theory in 1955， John Searle， Austin’s student， linked the illocutionary act with the discourse content. He gave a clear description of the locutionary act and illocutionary act. The core problem of this study is how do people meet the needs of expressing “request others to perform something” by using language form. The origin of the word “request” was the ancient French word “requeste”. The definition of request is a behavior that expresses the need or desire or requires （someone） to do something. Therefore， the speakers often adopt some strategies to adjust the use of various forms of courtesy to make requests polite and easy for listeners to accept， so as to achieve the purpose.
According to Brown and Levinson in 1987， request will be affected by three factors： the strength or weakness of power， the relationship between speakers and the degree of requirements. When people talk to other people， especially when it comes to making requests， either directly or indirectly， the politeness principle must be considered according to their own culture. The examples I conduct from my experience are as followings： ①Help me check my homework. ②Go and print the material. ③Turn the book over to page 151. ④Xiao Zhang， I’d like to ask you a favor. ⑤Could you pass me my bag， please？ ⑥Hi！ Brother， what are you doing now？ ⑦I forgot to bring the meal card， have you eaten yet？ ⑧Honey， I see Xiao Li bought a new dress. I tried it and like it very much.
There are many ways to express a “request”. The Chinese request strategy is divided into direct request strategy and indirect request strategy：
1. The direct request strategy： the speaker makes the request in a clear word directly to the person to be asked. With short and clear words directly indicate the purpose of the speaker， ask the other person to do something. From the examples above， we could classify that sentence 1， 2， 3， 4 are in this type. In the relation of parent
According to Brown and Levinson in 1987， request will be affected by three factors： the strength or weakness of power， the relationship between speakers and the degree of requirements. When people talk to other people， especially when it comes to making requests， either directly or indirectly， the politeness principle must be considered according to their own culture. The examples I conduct from my experience are as followings： ①Help me check my homework. ②Go and print the material. ③Turn the book over to page 151. ④Xiao Zhang， I’d like to ask you a favor. ⑤Could you pass me my bag， please？ ⑥Hi！ Brother， what are you doing now？ ⑦I forgot to bring the meal card， have you eaten yet？ ⑧Honey， I see Xiao Li bought a new dress. I tried it and like it very much.
There are many ways to express a “request”. The Chinese request strategy is divided into direct request strategy and indirect request strategy：
1. The direct request strategy： the speaker makes the request in a clear word directly to the person to be asked. With short and clear words directly indicate the purpose of the speaker， ask the other person to do something. From the examples above， we could classify that sentence 1， 2， 3， 4 are in this type. In the relation of parent