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据上世纪90年代的资料统计,俄罗斯儿童在入小学前只有48％达到规定的体格标准。其实俄罗斯学前教育机构的物质条件并不差,不少幼儿园都有体育馆等运动场所,可为何幼儿身体状况不理想?研究发现,主要原因是教师缺乏体育素养和兴趣,学前教育机构体育保健水平低,体育活动缺乏系统性,幼儿不能够形成稳定的对体育运动的兴趣。 此后,俄罗斯学前教育机构认识到体育活动不同于运动游戏,不是任意性的,他们便朝着体育系统化的方向努力。体育系统化需要教育工作者具备丰富的关于儿童身体发展及儿童体育的专业知识,以及医疗检查和随时救护的能力。对幼儿园教师具体要求如下:
According to statistics from the 1990s, only 48% of Russian children reached the required physical standard before they entered primary school. In fact, the material conditions of pre-school institutions in Russia are not bad. Many kindergartens have sports venues such as gyms and gymnasiums. Why the physical condition of infants is not ideal? The main reason is that teachers lack physical education and interest, and the level of physical education and health care in preschool education institutions is low Lack of systematic physical activity, young children can not form a stable interest in sports. Since then, the pre-school education institutions in Russia have realized that physical education is different from sports games and are not arbitrary, and they are making efforts toward systematization of sports. Sports systematization requires that educators have extensive expertise in children’s physical development and children’s physical education as well as medical examinations and the ability to be readily available. Specific requirements for kindergarten teachers are as follows: