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绪言铁路機客貨車走行部份和制动部份的重要配件,在我国目前都是採用普通鍜鋼來製造的。這些配件的形狀,往往具有顯著的截面改變和特殊的凹口等。在械車車輛的起動、走行、和制止時,這些配件都要經常地受到撞擊負荷。因此,要求它們具有相當高的韧性,以能忍受撞擊負荷而不致斷裂,對這些配件来说,是非常重要的。使锻鋼的撞擊强度减低的因素,一般来說,有化学的和金属結構的兩方面。属於化學的因素方面,如鋼中含有超過规定成份的磷量,會使钢料产
Introduction The important parts of the railway passenger and freight car running parts and brake parts are all manufactured in China using ordinary silicon steel. The shape of these fittings often has significant section changes and special notches. When starting, running, and stopping a mechanical vehicle, these accessories are often subjected to impact loads. Therefore, it is very important for these fittings to require them to have a relatively high toughness so as to withstand the impact load without breaking. The factors that reduce the impact strength of forged steel are, in general, chemical and metallic structures. For chemical reasons, if the steel contains more than the specified amount of phosphorus, it will make steel production.