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本文针对美国本土防空及海面警戒的基本任务,提出了一种星载雷达的总体方案。文中考虑了双站和单站两种工作方式。对轨道高度、卫星星座的大小、雷达频率以及功率孔径乘积进行了综合分析和对比研究,其中还考虑了在近期内航天飞机发射能力的限制,以及现实的太阳能电源系统功率容量的限制。 本文对多种天线配置方案和扫描方式进行了探讨,包括机械扫描、与两维机械扫描相结合的有限电子扫描、与机械旋转相结合的一维电子扫描以及全相控阵。 最终所选择的系统是一种L波段组合馈电式相控阵雷达。它采用相位中心偏置天线,对主波束中运动目标的检测采用单脉冲异常检测法或相位归零技术。文中对由3至12颗卫星组成的各种卫星星座方案进行了分析研究,星座中的卫星高度为600海里至2000海里。
In this paper, aiming at the basic tasks of U.S. local air defense and sea surveillance, an overall scheme of spaceborne radar is proposed. In this paper, two kinds of working methods, dual station and single station, are considered. The orbital height, the size of the satellite constellation, the radar frequency and the power aperture product were comprehensively analyzed and compared. The limitations of the launch capability of the space shuttle and the actual solar power system power capacity were also considered. This article discusses a variety of antenna configurations and scanning methods, including mechanical scanning, two-dimensional mechanical scanning with a combination of limited electronic scanning, mechanical rotation and a combination of one-dimensional electronic scanning and phased array. The final system of choice is a L-band combo feed-type phased array radar. It uses a phase-center-biased antenna and uses single-pulse anomaly detection or phase-zero techniques for the detection of moving targets in the main beam. In this paper, various satellite constellation schemes consisting of 3 to 12 satellites are analyzed and studied. The constellation has a satellite height of 600 nm to 2000 nm.