论文部分内容阅读
目的了解基层综合医院医务人员职业暴露发生的基本情况和危险因素,为制定职业暴露防护措施提供依据。方法根据本院2013年1~11月全院医务人员职业暴露个案上报统计数据,分析医务人员发生职业暴露的基本情况和危险因素。结果 2013年1~11月共报告职业暴露52例,其中锐器伤41例,占82.2%,血液或体液暴露9例,占18.%;其他2例。发生职业暴露以实习护士(42.3%)、护士(28.8%)和医师(12.5%)为主,工人(17.3%);暴露源病种以乙型肝炎、梅毒、HIV为最多,占44.8%,锐器伤暴露源的81.00%;暴露地点主要发生在急诊科输液室和病房;各暴露环节中以各种穿刺和处理医疗废物占比例最高;全年共支出职业暴露检测治疗费用12190.2元,平均每人234.43元。结论职业暴露是医务人员面临的高危职业风险,实施标准顶防,规范操作规程,加强教育培训,提高职业防护意识,强化免疫接种、建立完整监测报告制度及暴露后实施干预措施,是保护医务人员职业安全的有效措施,可降低职业暴露的风险。
Objective To understand the basic situation and risk factors of occupational exposure to medical staff in primary general hospitals and provide the basis for establishing occupational exposure protection measures. Methods According to the statistical data of occupational exposure of medical staff in our hospital from January to November in 2013, we analyzed the basic situation and risk factors of occupational exposure of medical staff. Results A total of 52 occupational exposures were reported from January 2013 to November 2013, of which 41 were sharp injuries (82.2%) and 9 were blood or body fluids (18%), and the other 2 were other cases. Occupational exposure occurred mainly in practice nurses (42.3%), nurses (28.8%) and physicians (12.5%), and workers (17.3%). Hepatitis B, syphilis and HIV accounted for 44.8% 81.00% of exposure sources of sharp injuries; exposure occurred mainly in the emergency department infusion room and ward; the exposure to various puncture and treatment of medical waste accounted for the highest proportion of the annual expenditure of occupational exposure detection treatment costs 12190.2 yuan, the average 234.43 yuan per person. Conclusion Occupational exposure is a high-risk occupational risk faced by medical staff. The implementation of standard top-off prevention, standard operating procedures, strengthening education and training, raising awareness of occupational protection, strengthening immunization coverage, establishing a complete monitoring report system and implementing post-exposure interventions are necessary measures to protect medical personnel Effective occupational safety measures reduce the risk of occupational exposure.