甘露醇属渗透性脱水剂，目前是降低颅内压较为有效的首选药物。既往认为甘露醇无明显毒、副作用，但近年来，甘露醇诱发急性肾衰（以下简写为ARF）已陆续见诸报告「“〕。这种潜在的肾毒性作用已日益引起临床医生的重视。我院近2年间，接受甘露醇静脉输往的脑血管意外和脑外伤 Mannitol is an osmotic dehydrating agent, is currently the preferred drug to reduce intracranial pressure is more effective. Mannitol in the past that no obvious toxicity, side effects, but in recent years, mannitol-induced acute renal failure (hereinafter referred to as ARF) have been reported one after another ". This potential role of nephrotoxicity has increasingly attracted the attention of clinicians. Nearly 2 years in our hospital, receiving mannitol intravenous cerebrovascular accident and traumatic brain injury