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为明确苹果锈果类病毒在八棱海棠果实和种子中的分布特征、种传率以及药剂脱除效果,以带毒母株上的八棱海棠果实和种子为试材,运用RT-PCR技术分析了八棱海棠果实不同部位锈果类病毒的带毒率、实生后代的带毒情况以及氢氧化钠脱除病毒的效果。结果表明,八棱海棠果皮、果肉、种子以及种胚均不同程度携带苹果锈果类病毒,其带毒率分别为96.0%、96.0%、52.0%和4.0%;该病毒可经种子传递给后代,种传率为12.1%;经2%氢氧化钠溶液浸种10、15、20 min,种子的病毒检出率均为0,但后代实生苗的带毒率分别为2.5%、1.3%和0。表明苹果锈果类病毒可侵染种子不同部位并经种子传递给后代,氢氧化钠浸种是脱除该病毒的有效方法。
In order to clarify the distribution characteristics of apple rust-fruit virus in the fruit and seeds of Malus baccata, RT-PCR technology and the seed removal rate, the fruit and seeds of Malus baccata on the infected mother plant were used as materials. The virulence rates of rust fruit viruses in different parts of Malus edulis were analyzed, the virulence of offspring and the effect of virus removal by sodium hydroxide were analyzed. The results showed that the peel, pulp, seeds and seed embryo of apple crabapple belonged to apple rust-causing virulent viruses with the rates of 96.0%, 96.0%, 52.0% and 4.0%, respectively. The virus could be transmitted to offspring through seeds , Seed propagation rate of 12.1%; 2% sodium hydroxide solution soaking 10,15,20 min, the detection rate of the seeds of the virus are 0, but the offspring of the seedling poisoning rates were 2.5%, 1.3% and 0 . Show that apple rust fruit virus can infect different parts of the seed and pass the seeds to the offspring, soaking the seeds with sodium hydroxide is an effective way to remove the virus.